Recent growth in electric vehicle (EV) deployment has intensified the need for sustainable and renewable-energy-based charging systems to reduce emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. This paper presents the design and control of a transformerless MPPT-based bidirectional buck–boost converter for a solar photovoltaic (PV) battery-powered electric vehicle. The proposed system enables efficient power transfer between the PV array, battery energy storage, and EV drive through bidirectional operation, allowing both battery charging and discharging. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) using the Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm is implemented to extract maximum power from the PV array under varying irradiance conditions. A closed-loop PI controller is employed to regulate the DC bus voltage at 90 V, ensuring stable EV operation. The proposed transformerless buck–boost topology reduces component count, conduction losses, and overall system cost while maintaining high conversion efficiency. The complete system is modeled and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink under irradiance variations of 1000–500–1000 W/m² at 25°C. Simulation results demonstrate effective MPPT operation, stable DC bus voltage regulation, smooth battery charging and discharging, and reliable PMDC motor performance, validating the suitability of the proposed architecture for solar-assisted electric vehicle applications.
Electric Vehicle Charging; Solar PV Integration; MPPT (P&O); Transformerless Bidirectional Buck–Boost Converter; Battery Energy Storage; DC Bus Voltage Regulation.
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